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Elara, 63

Elara is a 63-year-old female who works as a part-time care assistant.

She visits you for a medication review.

Patient history and current medications

  • Type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosis 10 years ago
  • Metformin (10 years), SGLT-2i (3 years)
  • Dyslipidaemia (statin, 5 years; ezetimibe, 3 years)
  • Non-smoker and minimal alcohol intake
  • Recently diagnosed with early-stage CKD and hypertension and prescribed an angiotensin receptor blocker

Current clinical measurements

  • BMI 31 kg/m2 (9 months prior: BMI 29 kg/m2)
  • HbA1c 8.4% (68 mmol/mol)
  • BP 132/78 mmHg
  • Total cholesterol 3.6 mmol/L (139.2 mg/dL)
  • LDL cholesterol 1.7 mmol/L (66 mg/dL)
  • ALT 20 U/L and AST 26 U/L
  • FIB-4 score 0.8 (learn more )
  • eGFR 51 mL/min/1.73 m2*
  • UACR 29 mg/g
  • Creatinine 1.2 mg/dL

*Estimated using the 2021 CKD-EPI creatinine equation.

ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CKD-EPI: CKD Epidemiology Collaboration; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4 index; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; SGLT-2i: sodium-glucose cotransporter-2; T2D: type 2 diabetes; UACR: urine albumin-creatinine ratio

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Clinical data 

This is a fictional case study. The model is not a real patient and the situation shown does not reflect the model's experience.

References
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